Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology

Nanofactories-manufacturing systems that work on the atomic scale-are gradually moving from science fiction to science fact and one day could be used to build all manner of items such as drugs, semiconductor chips and even cell-sized robots that patrol the human body. But researchers first need to learn how to build a nano factory, which means learning how to build the molecular components that will power it. With mounting theoretical and experimental evidence, proponents say these goals are within reach and will usher in a revolution in high-technology manufacturing.

Scientists and engineers often use the euphemism "blackbox" to describe anon specific device that accepts input and produces output, steadily and unerringly, and whose mechanisms are invisible to the observer and unaffected by the outside environment. The term can be used with positive or negative connotations, but in either case it represents an imaginary thing: There is no magical machine that produces widgets or results without explanation to or regard for the world around it.

That is, perhaps, until the advent of nano factories-or, more accurately, the impending advent of nano factories. For, to hear the molecular manufacturing community describe them, nano factories will be somewhat akin to the scientist's black box-self-contained, general-purpose manufacturing plants operating at the molecular level, virtually impervious to outside perturbances, diligently producing atomic product according to programmed instruction, continually scaling up and exponentially increasing in power and size.

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